![]() ![]() ![]() BMW produced in India is about 1.5-2 kg/bed/day. People from all segments of society, regardless of age, sex, ethnicity, or religion, visit hospitals, which results in the production of BMW, which is becoming increasingly copious and heterogeneous. The amount of daily biomedical waste (BMW) produced in India is enormous. The aim of this review article is to provide systematic evidence-based information along with a comprehensive study of BMW in an organized manner. Therefore, developing environmentally friendly methods and the right plan and protocols for the disposal of BMW is very important to achieve a goal of a green and clean environment. Further, the proper and continuous monitoring of BMW is a vital necessity. Devoted healthcare workers and facilities are also significant. Collective teamwork with committed government support in finance and infrastructure development is a very important requirement for the effective disposal of BMW. This proper management is intended to decrease environmental pollution because, if not managed properly, BMW can cause air, water, and land pollution. The new rules established in India are meant to improve the segregation, transportation, disposal methods, and treatment of BMW. A label for the transportation of BMW containers, the standard for treatment and disposal, and the schedule for waste treatment facilities such as incinerators and autoclaves are included in the schedule. This document contains six schedules, including the category of BMW, the color coding and type of containers, and labels for BMW containers or bags, which should be non-washable and visible. India has well-established rules for the proper handling and management of BMW. Biomedical Waste Management Rules, 2016 (BMWM Rules, 2016) specify that every healthcare facility shall take all necessary steps to ensure that BMW is handled without any adverse effect on human and environmental health. BMW can also be classified into general, pathological, radioactive, chemical, infectious, sharps, pharmaceuticals, or pressurized wastes. There is a high possibility that inappropriate management of BMW can cause infections to healthcare workers, the patients visiting the facilities, and the surrounding environment and community. BMW generated can either be solid or liquid waste comprising infectious or potentially infectious materials, such as medical, research, or laboratory waste. There is an inevitable need for healthcare professionals to have adequate knowledge and a proper attitude towards BMW and its management. ![]() This waste is then identified, segregated, and treated scientifically. The constituents of this type of waste are various infectious and hazardous materials. ![]() 447-462.The waste generated in various hospitals and healthcare facilities, including the waste of industries, can be grouped under biomedical waste (BMW). (2020), "Process management framework for chemical waste treatment laboratories", Business Process Management Journal, Vol. Leoneti, A.B., Vitorino dos Santos, D., da Silva, R.S., Henriques Ferreira, A., César Pimenta, A. The authors also would like to thank the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq). The authors acknowledge the unified scholarship program for undergraduate students from the University of São Paulo and Laboratory of Chemical Waste of the University of São Paulo – Campus of Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil and the Central Administration of the USP Campus of Ribeirão Preto. The proposition of a comprehensive classification for chemical wastes generated in CWTLs is also highlighted. The novelty of this work is in the fact of using production and operations management tools in the management of CWTLs to propose diagnoses to improve the management of their processes. ![]()
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